Starting position, comfort dan obvious adaptation.
LEVEL 2 · LESSON 02Clinical
Clinical
Observation
Observation bermula sebelum kita menyentuh client. Lihat bagaimana mereka berdiri, bergerak dan melindungi sesuatu kawasan — kemudian describe apa yang benar-benar dilihat.
BY THE END OF THIS LESSONObserve posture without overdiagnosisCompare symmetry & movementRecognise guarding/swellingRecord objective findings
POSTURESYMMETRYMOVEMENTGUARDING
Observe before you interpret.
Compare left-right without assuming asymmetry is pathology.
Speed, control, range, hesitation dan compensation.
Protective stiffness, avoidance atau reluctance to move.
Note obvious change and consider whether safety screening is needed.
How client sits, stands, walks or performs relevant task.
Finding first. Meaning second.
1 · SEE“Right shoulder sits higher at rest.”
→2 · COMPARECheck movement and opposite side.
→3 · ASKAny symptom or functional relevance?
→4 · ASSESSCombine with other findings.
DO NOT JUMP
“Shoulder nampak tinggi” bukan diagnosis. Asymmetry boleh wujud tanpa pain atau dysfunction. Observation menghasilkan clue untuk assessment seterusnya.
Movement behaviour gives useful clues.
Movement appears comfortable and controlled.
Client modifies strategy, slows down or avoids part of movement.
Severe symptom, marked swelling, acute trauma signs or neurological change → safety screen.
60-second observation drill
Dengan consent, observe partner melakukan sit-to-stand atau arm elevation dalam range selesa. Jangan correct dahulu — record sahaja.
Use objective language.
AVOID
→“Pelvis senget menyebabkan sakit belakang.”
BETTER
“Standing position appears asymmetrical; relevance unclear. Compare movement, symptoms and function.”
Quick Knowledge Check
Anda nampak satu bahu lebih tinggi daripada sebelah lagi. Apakah conclusion terbaik?
Selepas recent ankle injury, client berjalan dengan guarding dan terdapat obvious swelling yang ketara.
Apa response paling sesuai?
Observe objectively. Jangan diagnose berdasarkan posture, symmetry atau satu movement sahaja. Visible deformity, significant acute swelling, inability to bear weight after trauma, severe symptoms atau neurological/vascular concerns memerlukan appropriate safety assessment/referral.